चाणक्य नीति चौथा अध्याय :-chanakya niti chapter 4.
पञ्चैतानि हि सृज्यन्ते गर्भस्थस्यैव देहिनः ।।१।।
१. व्यक्ति कितने साल जियेगा
२. वह किस प्रकार का काम करेगा
३. उसके पास कितनी संपत्ति होगी
४. उसकी मृत्यु कब होगी
ये च तैः सह गन्तारस्तध्दर्मात्सुकृतं कुलम् ।।२।।
Meaning– Offspring, friends and relatives flee from a devotee of the Lord: yet those who follow him bring merit to their families through their devotion.
शिशुपालयते नित्यं तथा सज्जनसड्गतिः ।।३।।
Meaning– Fish, tortoises, and birds bring up their young by means of sight, attention and touch; so do saintly men afford protection to their associates by the same means.
तावदात्महितं कुर्यात् प्राणान्ते किं करिष्यति।।४।।
Meaning– As long as your body is healthy and under control and death is distant, try to save your soul; when death is imminent what can you do?
प्रवासे मातृसदृशी विद्या गुप्तं धनं स्मृतम् ।।५।।
Meaning– Learning is like a cow of desire. It, like her, yields in all seasons. Like a mother, it feeds you on your journey. Therefore learning is a hidden treasure.
एकश्चन्द्रस्तमो हन्ति न च ताराः सहस्त्रशः ।।६।।
Meaning– A single son endowed with good qualities is far better than a hundred devoid of them. For the moon, though one, dispels the darkness, which the stars, though numerous, cannot.
मृतः स चाऽल्पदुःखाय यावज्जीवं जडोदहेत् ।।७।।
Meaning– A stillborn son is superior to a foolish son endowed with a long life. The first causes grief for but a moment while the latter like a blazing fire consumes his parents in grief for life.
पुत्रश्च मूर्खो विधवा च कन्या । विनाग्निमेते प्रदहन्ति कायम् ।।८।।
१. एक छोटे गाव में बसना जहा रहने की सुविधाए उपलब्ध नहीं.
२. एक ऐसे व्यक्ति के यहाँ नौकरी करना जो नीच कुल में पैदा हुआ है.
३. अस्वास्थय्वर्धक भोजन का सेवन करना.
४. जिसकी पत्नी हरदम गुस्से में होती है.
५. जिसको मुर्ख पुत्र है.
६. जिसकी पुत्री विधवा हो गयी है.
Meaning– Residing in a small village devoid of proper living facilities, serving a person born of a low family, unwholesome food, a frowning wife, a foolish son, and a widowed daughter burn the body without fire.
कोऽर्थः पुत्रेण जातेन यो न विद्वान्न भक्तिमान् ।।९।।
Meaning– What good is a cow that neither gives milk nor conceives? Similarly, what is the value of the birth of a son if he becomes neither learned nor a pure devotee of the Lord?
अपत्यं च कलत्रं च सतां सड्गतिरेव च ।।१०।।
१. पुत्र और पुत्री
२. पत्नी
Meaning– When one is consumed by the sorrows of life, three things give him relief: offspring, a wife, and the company of the Lord’s devotees.
सकृत्कन्याः प्रदीयन्ते त्रीण्येतानि सकृत्सकृत् ।।११।।
१. राजा का बोलना.
२. बिद्वान व्यक्ति का बोलना.
३. लड़की का ब्याहना.
Meaning– Kings speak for once, men of learning once, and the daughter is given in marriage once. All these things happen once and only once.
चतुर्भिर्गमनं क्षेत्रं पंचभिर्बहुभी रणम् ।।१२।।
अभ्यास करते है तो दुसरे के साथ करे।
गायन करते है तो तीन लोग करे।
कृषि चार लोग करे।
युद्ध अनेक लोग मिलकर करे।
Meaning– Religious austerities should be practiced alone, study by two, and singing by three. A journey should be undertaken by four, agriculture by five, and war by many together.
सा भार्या या पतिप्रीता साभार्या सत्यवादिनो ।।१३।।
Meaning– She is a true wife who is clean (suci), expert, chaste, pleasing to the husband, and truthful.
मूर्खस्य हृदयं शून्यं सर्वशून्या दरिद्रता ।।१४।।
Meaning– The house of a childless person is a void, all directions are void to one who has no relatives, the heart of a fool is also void, but to a poverty-stricken man all is void.
दरिद्रस्य विषं गोष्ठी वृध्दस्य तरुणी विषम् ।।१५।।
Meaning– Scriptural lessons not put into practice are poison; a meal is poison to him who suffers from indigestion; a social gathering is poison to a poverty-stricken person; and a young wife is poison to an aged man.
त्यजेत्क्रोधमुखीं भार्यान्निः स्नेहानबंधवांस्त्यजेत् ।।१६।।
Meaning– That man who is without religion and mercy should be rejected. A guru without spiritual knowledge should be rejected. The wife with an offensive face should be given up, and so should relatives who are without affection.
अमैथुनं जरा स्त्रीणां वस्त्राणामातपं जरा ।।१७।।
Meaning-Constant travel brings old age upon a man; a horse becomes old by being constantly tied up; lack of sexual contact with her husband brings old age upon a woman; and garments become old through being left in the sun.
कस्याहं का च मेशक्तिरिति चिन्त्यं मुहुर्मुहुः ।।१८।।
सही समय
सही मित्र
सही ठिकाना
पैसे कमाने के सही साधन
पैसे खर्चा करने के सही तरीके
आपके उर्जा स्रोत।
Meaning– Consider again and again the following: the right time, the right friends, the right place, the right means of income, the right ways of spending, and from whom you derive your power.
प्रतिमा त्वल्पबुध्दीनां सर्वत्र समदर्शिनाम् ।।१९।।
(चौथा अध्याय)