चाणक्य नीति तेरहवां अध्याय:-Chanakya Niti chapter 13.
मुहूर्त्तं माप जीवेच्च नरः शुक्लेण कर्मणा ।
न कल्पमापि कष्टेन लोकद्वयविरोधिना ।।१।।
Meaning– A man may live but for a moment, but that moment should be spent in doing auspicious deeds. It is useless living even for a kalpa (4,320,000 *1000 years) and bringing only distress upon the two worlds (this world and the next).
वर्तमानेन कालेन प्रवर्त्तन्ते विचक्षणाः ।।२।।
Meaning– We should not fret for what is past, nor should we be anxious about the future; men of discernment deal only with the present moment.
ज्ञातयः स्नान-पानाभ्यां वाक्यदानेन पंडिताः ।।३।।
Meaning– It certainly is nature of the demigods, men of good character, and parents to be easily pleased. Near and distant relatives are pleased when they are hospitably received with bathing, food, and drink; and pandits are pleased with an opportunity for giving spiritual discourse.
पञ्चैतानि च सृज्यन्ते गर्भस्थस्यैव देहिनः ।।४।।
१. कितनी लम्बी उम्र होगी.
२. वह क्या करेगा
३. कितना धन और ज्ञान अर्जित करेगा.
४. मौत कब होगी.
Meaning– Even as the unborn babe is in the womb of his mother, these five are fixed as his life destiny: his life span, his activities, his acquisition of wealth and knowledge, and his time of death.
लक्ष्मी तृणाय मन्यन्ते तद्भारेण नमन्ति च ।।५।।
Meaning– O see what a wonder it is! The doings of the great are strange: they treat wealth as light as a straw, yet, when they obtain it, they bend under its weight.
स्नेहमूलानि दुःखानि तानि त्यक्त्वा वसेत्सुखम् ।।६।।
Meaning– He who is overly attached to his family members experiences fear and sorrow, for the root of all grief is attachment. Thus one should discard attachment to be happy.
द् वावेतौ सुखमेधेते यद्भविष्यो विनश्यति ।।७।।
Meaning– He who is prepared for the future and he who deals cleverly with any situation that may arise are both happy; but the fatalistic man who wholly depends on luck is ruined.
राजानमनुवर्तन्ते यथा राजा तथा प्रजाः ।।८।।
Meaning– If the king is virtuous, then the subjects are also virtuous. If the king is sinful, then the subjects also become sinful. If he is mediocre, then the subjects are mediocre. The subjects follow the example of the king. In short, as is the king so are the subjects.
मृतो धर्मेण संतुक्तो दीर्घजीवी न संशयः ।।९।।
Meaning– I consider him who does not act religiously as dead though living, but he who dies acting religiously unquestionably lives long though he is dead.
अजागलस्तनस्येव तस्य जन्म निरर्थकम् ।।१०।।
Meaning– He who has acquired neither virtue, wealth, satisfaction of desires nor salvation (dharma, artha, kama, moksa), lives an utterly useless life, like the “nipples” hanging from the neck of a goat.
अशक्तास्तत्पदं गन्तुं ततो निन्दां प्रकुर्वते ।।११।।
Meaning– The hearts of base men burn before the fire of other’s fame, and they slander them being themselves unable to rise to such a high position.
मन एव मनुष्याणां कारणं बन्धमोक्षयोः ।।१२।।
Meaning– Excessive attachment to sense pleasures leads to bondage, and detachment from sense pleasures leads to liberation; therefore it is the mind alone that is responsible for bondage or liberation.
यत्र यत्र मनो याति तत्र तत्र समाधयः ।।१३।।
Meaning– He who sheds bodily identification by means of knowledge of the indwelling Supreme Self (Paramatma), will always be absorbed in meditative trance (samadhi) wherever his mind leads him.
दैवायत्तं यतः सर्वं तस्मात् संतोषमाश्रयेत् ।।१४।।
Meaning– Who realises all the happiness he desires? Everything is in the hands of God. Therefore one should learn contentment.
तथा यच्च कृतं कर्म कर्तारमनुगच्छाति ।।१५।।
Meaning– As a calf follows its mother among a thousand cows, so the (good or bad) deeds of a man follow him.
जनो दहति संसर्गाद्वनं संगविवर्जनात् ।।१६।।
Meaning– He whose actions are disorganised has no happiness either in the midst of men or in a jungle — in the midst of men his heart burns by social contacts, and his helplessness burns him in the forest.
तथा गुरुगतां विद्या शुश्रुषुरधिगच्छति ।।१७।।
Meaning– As the man who digs obtains underground water by use of a shovel, so the student attains the knowledge possessed by his preceptor through his service.
तथाऽपि सुधियश्चार्या सुविचार्यैव कुर्वते ।।१८।।
Meaning– Men reap the fruits of their deeds, and intellects bear the mark of deeds performed in previous lives; even so the wise act after due circumspection.
श्वानयोनिशतं भुक्त्वा चांडालेष्वभिजायते ।।१९।।
Meaning– Even the man who has taught the spiritual significance of just one letter ought to be worshiped. He who does not give reverence to such a guru is born as a dog a hundred times, and at last takes birth as a chandala (dog-eater).
साधवः प्रतिपन्नार्थान्न चलन्ति कदाचन ।।२०।।
Meaning– At the end of the yuga, Mount Meru may be shaken; at the end of the kalpa, the waters of the seven oceans may be disturbed; but a sadhu will never swerve from the spiritual path.
मूढैः पाषाणखण्डॆषु रत्नसंख्या विधीयते ।।२१।।
(चाणक्य नीति तेरहवां अध्याय समाप्त)